Following (Christopher Nolan, 1998)

Jeremy Theobald in Following

Cast: Jeremy Theobald, Alex Haw, Lucy Russell, John Nolan, Dick Bradsell, Gillian El-Kadi, Jennifer Angel, Nicolas Carlotti, Darren Ormandy. Screenplay: Christopher Nolan. Cinematography: Christopher Nolan. Production design: Tristan Martin. Film editing: Gareth Heal, Christopher Nolan. Music: David Julyan.

Following, Christopher Nolan's first feature, is a clever thriller done in the hashed-up-narrative manner of his breakthrough film, Memento (2000). In that later film, however, the narrative scrambling seems to be done in service of the film's premise, the nature of memory and what might happened to someone deprived of it. If told linearly, Following is a mildly complex story about how an idle would-be writer starts following strangers on the street, only to be accosted by one of the people he's following and roped into a scheme that culminates in theft and murder. The narrative's skips back and forth in time aren't essential to telling the story, the way they are in Memento. Still, as a foreshadowing of Nolan's success as a filmmaker, Following is fascinating stuff, especially since it was made on a shoestring budget, the largest line item of which was the 16mm film stock on which it was shot. The actors are unknowns or amateurs (and sometimes show it). Some, like Jeremy Theobald, who plays the protagonist, and Lucy Russell, who has the leading female role, have gone on to careers in film and television. Both have bit parts in Nolan's Batman Begins (2005). Others, like Alex Haw, who plays Cobb, the man who lures the protagonist into his plot, gave up acting entirely; he earned a degree in architecture and now works for a New York architectural firm. 

Toni Erdmann (Maren Ade, 2016)

Sandra Hüller and Peter Simonischek in Toni Erdmann

Ines Conradi: Sandra Hüller
Winfried Conradi: Peter Simonischek
Henneberg: Michael Wittenborn
Gerald: Thomas Loibl
Tim: Trystan Pütter
Anca: Ingrid Bisu
Steph: Lucy Russell
Tatjana: Hadewych Minis
Ilescu: Vlad Ivanov
Flavia: Victoria Cocias

Director: Maren Ade
Screenplay: Maren Ade
Cinematography: Patrick Orth

The nearly three hours -- well, two hours, 42 minutes -- of Toni Erdmann don't exactly fly by. It's more that they sometimes pause while we accustom ourselves to the eccentricity of the characters and begin to absorb some of the satire, build up another head of steam, and speed into another head-spinning but frequently funny episode. There's a feeling of improv about the film, and with improv there are often dead spots between outbursts of brilliance. The film is about a father and daughter, Winfried and Ines Conradi. He's a shaggy old prankster who teaches music in a school; she's an intensely driven corporate consultant now working to land a contract in Romania that would help companies streamline -- but mostly by jettisoning their unionized work force. The film is thus a satire on global corporate capitalism, with side glances at the pervasive sexism in that world. But writer-director Maren Ade has chosen not to weight the film in the direction of either character study or satire, and I think the film suffers from tone problems occasionally. Granted, it would be easy to slip into formula with such mismatched characters, and I say this knowing that an American remake with Jack Nicholson and Kristen Wiig is in the works, both of whom are more than capable of doing the conventional if satisfyingly funny thing with the setup: a father who delights in comic disguises like fright wigs and false teeth to shake up his uptight daughter's aggressively workaholic ways. It's to the credit of the film that there are enough unexpected moments -- such as Ines's singing "The Greatest Love of All" at a Romanian family's Easter celebration that Winfried has crashed -- that it never sinks to the routine and conventional. Finally, the film does, I think, go too far, when Ines suddenly decides to host a corporate party in the nude, insisting that all the guests strip too, and claims that it's a "team-building" exercise. Winfried, of course, crashes this party as well, wearing a Bulgarian kukeri costume -- it almost literally turns the film into a shaggy-dog story. Toni Erdmann was a big critical hit, and was a major contender for the foreign film Oscar that went, I think correctly, to Asghar Farhadi's The Salesman.